What is the key difference between a prescription and an over-the-counter (OTC) medication?

The key difference between a prescription medication and an over-the-counter (OTC) medication lies in the requirement for a doctor's authorization. Prescription medications necessitate a written order from a licensed healthcare provider, which is based on a professional assessment of a patient's specific health needs. This oversight helps ensure that the medication is appropriate and safe for the individual's health condition, as well as allowing for monitoring of its effects.

On the other hand, OTC medications can be purchased directly by consumers without the need for a prescription. This accessibility means that these medications are considered safe and effective for general use by the public, provided they are used as directed. OTC medications are typically intended for mild conditions or symptoms that do not require professional medical supervision.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately characterize the essential distinction between the two types of medications. Effectiveness can vary greatly between prescription and OTC medications depending on the specific treatment required; there is no blanket rule favoring one over the other. The cost of prescription medications is not universally higher, as some OTC medications can also be quite expensive. Lastly, while OTC medications are generally designed for safety, this does not mean they are inherently safer than prescription drugs, as both can pose risks depending on various factors such as individual patient circumstances